{"id":546,"date":"2024-04-12T22:44:56","date_gmt":"2024-04-12T22:44:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.csusm.edu\/kreynolds\/?page_id=546"},"modified":"2024-04-17T04:38:38","modified_gmt":"2024-04-17T04:38:38","slug":"bibliography","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wp.csusm.edu\/kreynolds\/bibliography\/","title":{"rendered":"Bibliography"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><strong>Primary Sources:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ashton-Wolfe, Harry. <em>Warped in the Making: Crimes of Love and Hate.<\/em> Cambridge: Riverside Press, 1928.<\/p>\n<p>Barton, George. <em>Celebrated Spies and Famous Mysteries of the Great War<\/em>. Boston: The Page Company, 1919.<\/p>\n<p>Benda, Wladyslaw Theodore, and The American Red Cross. <em>You Can Help<\/em>. 1918. 1 print, photomechanical with silkscreen, color; sheet 77 x 51 cm. Poster Format. Library of Congress Digital File of Original.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCase of Edith Cavell is Not Comparable to That of Mata Hari.\u201d <em>The Atlanta Semi-Weekly Journal<\/em>, Oct. 23, 1917, 3.<\/p>\n<p>Covarrubias, Miguel. <em>Black Woman, Three-Fourths Length, in Flapper Hat<\/em>. 1926. Pen &amp; ink over graphite under drawing, 43.7 x 25.9 cm, sheet. Library of Congress.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCruelest Lie- or Truest Mercy?\u201d <em>Richmond Times Dispatch<\/em>, Aug. 29, 1920, 3.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCruelest Lie- or Truest Mercy?\u201d <em>The Washington Times<\/em>, Aug. 29, 1920, 3.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDancer and Spy Executed.\u201d<em> The Ely Miner<\/em>, Oct.19, 1917, 2.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDancer Flits Across the Stage of War.\u201d <em>The Birmingham Age-Herald<\/em>, Oct. 18, 1917, 4.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDancer Shot as Spy Found Victims Easy.\u201d <em>The New York Herald<\/em>, Dec. 10, 1921, 7.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDishonor Memory of Edith Cavell.\u201d <em>The Daily Ardmoreite<\/em>, Oct. 20, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDutch Dancer Spy Executed by French.\u201d <em>The Barre Daily Times<\/em>, Oct. 16, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEnglish War Pictures at the Lyric Theater.\u201d <em>The Oroville Weekly Gazette<\/em>, Oct. 26, 1917, 4.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEt Cetera.\u201d <em>The New York Tribune Review<\/em>, Oct. 21, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFemale German Spy Shot in Paris.\u201d <em>Norwich Bulletin<\/em>, Oct. 16, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>Foringer, Alonzo Earl. <em>The Greatest Mother in the World<\/em>. 1 print, lithograph, color, sheet 117 x 76 cm. Poster Format. Library of Congress Digital File of Original.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFrench Execute Dancer as Spy.\u201d <em>The New York Tribune<\/em>, Oct. 16, 1917, 2.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGay Life of Dutch Dancer is Ended at Dawn of the Day.\u201d<em> The Birmingham Age-Herald<\/em>, Oct. 16, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGeneral News: Items of Interest From Home and Abroad.\u201d <em>Der Nordstern<\/em>, Oct. 25, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGerman Press Given Answers.\u201d <em>The Ogden Standard<\/em>, Oct. 20, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. <em>Women and Economics: A Study of the Economic Relation Between Men and Women as a Factor in Social Evolution<\/em>. Boston: Small, Maynard and Company, 1898.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGirl Dancer Loses Appeal, Must Die in France as Spy.\u201d <em>The Evening World<\/em>, Sept. 28, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>Gollomb, Joseph. Illustration by Leo Kober. \u201cMata Hari, Dancer and Sinister War Figure, Was Foe of Allies.\u201d <em>The Sunday Star<\/em>, Oct. 28, 1928, 2.<\/p>\n<p>Harding, Warren G. \u201cInaugural Address.\u201d March 4, 1921. The Avalon Project, Yale University. Available at https:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/harding.asp (accessed February 20, 2024).<\/p>\n<p>Immigration Act of 1917, 27-29, 64th Cong., 2nd Sess.<\/p>\n<p>Immigration Act of 1924. Johnson-Reed Act. 68th Cong., Sess. I, Chapter 190, pages 153-169.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJudgement Error Led to Slaying of Pretty Spy.\u201d <em>The Oklahoma City Times<\/em>, Oct. 22, 1917, 4.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJustifies Mata Hari\u2019s Death.\u201d<em> The New York Tribune<\/em>, Oct. 21, 1917, 7.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLast Lover of Mata Hari, Woman Spy, Found in Spanish Monastery.\u201d <em>The Evening Star<\/em>, July 17, 1922, 12.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLife Story of Beautiful Mata Hari Who Met Death Before Firing Squad.\u201d <em>Richmond Times Dispatch<\/em>, Oct. 19, 1918.1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLover of Mata Hari Seeks Solace in Monastery in Spain; Spends Day Praying and Fasting.\u201d <em>Daily Ardmoreite<\/em>, July 17, 1922, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u2018Mata Hari\u2019 alias MCCLEOD Margaretha Geertruida (Marguerite Gertrude).\u201d KV2\/1 Records of the Security Service, Personal Files, National Archives, UK. Available at https:\/\/cdn.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/documents\/filesonfilm\/mata-hari-alias-mcleod-margaretha-geertruida-marguerite-gertrude-kv-2-1.pdf (accessed February 20, 2024).<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMata Hari and Edith Cavell.\u201d <em>The Evening Star<\/em>, Oct. 16, 1917, 6.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMata Hari, Beautiful Dancer, Is Shot by French as Spy; Was Kaiser\u2019s Clever Agent.\u201d <em>El Paso Herald<\/em>, Oct. 15, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMata Hari\u2019s Death as a Spy Described.\u201d <em>The New York Herald<\/em>, Dec. 13, 1921, 3.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMata Hari Dies as Spy Before Paris Gun Squad.\u201d <em>The Evening World<\/em>, Oct. 15, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMata Hari is Shot at Dawn,\u201d<em> The Richmond Palladium<\/em>, Oct. 15, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMata Hari\u2019s Lover Reported as Monk.\u201d <em>New Britain Daily Herald<\/em>, July 17, 1922, 5.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMata Hari Pays With Life.\u201d <em>Richmond Times Dispatch<\/em>, Oct.16, 1917, 2.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMata Hari, Spy for Kaiser, Dies.\u201d <em>Ottumwa Semi- Weekly Courier<\/em>, Oct. 16, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMata Hari, the Dancer is Shot as Dawn Today.\u201d <em>The Evening Star<\/em>, Oct. 15, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMistinguette\u2019s Heroic Sacrifice for Love and France.\u201d <em>The Ogden Standard- Examiner<\/em>, July 2, 1922, 5.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMonk Enters Monastery to Kill Love For Siren.\u201d <em>New York Tribune<\/em>, July 18, 2022, 9.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNo Comparison Between Women Put to Death.\u201d <em>The Evening Star,<\/em> Oct. 20, 1917, 8.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNo Similarity Between Cavell Murder and Mata- Hari Execution.\u201d <em>The Omaha Sunday Bee<\/em>, Oct. 21, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNot Parallel Cases.\u201d <em>The Webster City Freeman<\/em>, Oct. 22, 1917, 2.<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Brien, John. \u201cMata Hari Smiles as She Faces French Firing Squad.\u201d <em>Chickasha Daily Express<\/em>, Jan. 31, 1922, 8.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cParis Actress is Held for Treason, Germans Use Stagefolk as Spies.\u201d <em>The Richmond Palladium and Sun- Telegram<\/em>, Apr. 26, 1918, 1.<\/p>\n<p>Feminine Patriotism. 1914-1918. National Archives and Records Administration. Washington, DC.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPosture League Frowns of Flappers\u2019 \u2018Boyish Forms.\u2019\u201d <em>The Brooklyn Daily Eagle<\/em>, Mar. 13, 1921, 4.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cQueens of the Spy World Whose Intrigues Sway the Fate of the Nation.\u201d <em>The Sun<\/em>, April 7, 1918, 10.<\/p>\n<p>Renesch, Edward George. <em>Duty Calls<\/em>. Chicago, IL. 1917. 1 print, offset color lithograph, 40.1 x 30 cm, sheet. Library of Congress Digital File of Original.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cShot at Dawn.\u201d <em>Daily Kennebec Journal<\/em>, Oct. 16, 1917, 4.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSpying Admits No Comparison With Charity.\u201d <em>The Bridgeport Evening Farmer<\/em>, Oct. 20, 1917, 3.<\/p>\n<p><em>The End of the Road<\/em>, dir. Edward H. Griffith (1919). Originally made by American Social Hygiene Association\/ War Dept. Commission on Training Camp Activities. Streaming on National Film Preservation Foundation Website, https:\/\/www.filmpreservation.org\/sponsored-films\/screening-room\/the-end-of-the-road-1919 (accessed February 20, 2024).<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u2018The Spoilers\u2019 at the Lyric.\u201d <em>The Oroville Weekly Gazette<\/em>, Oct. 19, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe Voice of the People.\u201d <em>Evening Ledger<\/em>, Oct. 17, 1917, 12.<\/p>\n<p>Tuohy, Ferdinand. \u201cThe Magic Spell of a Woman Spy: The Trial, Sentence, and Execution of Mata- Hari the Dancer.\u201d <em>The Evening World<\/em>, Jan. 4, 1922, 27.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTwo Executed Women.\u201d <em>The Topeka Daily State Journal<\/em>, Oct. 20, 1917, 2.<\/p>\n<p>U.S. Statutes at Large, Espionage Act of 1917, 64th Cong., 1st Sess. Stat. 40 Title 1, chapter 30, 217- 220. June 15, 1917. Library of Congress.<\/p>\n<p>U.S. Statues at Large, Sedition Act of 1918, 65th Cong., 2nd Sess. Stat. 40, chapter 75, 553-554. May 16, 1918. Library of Congress.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhy They Shot Pretty Mlle. Zelle at Sunrise.\u201d <em>The Wheeling Intelligencer<\/em>, Nov. 10, 1917, 18.<\/p>\n<p>Wilson, Woodrow. \u201cJoint Address to Congress, Leading to a Declaration of War Against Germany.\u201d April 2, 1917, Records of the US Senate, National Archives. Available at https:\/\/catalog.archives.gov\/id\/2668825 (accessed February 15, 2024).<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWoman Dancer of Holland Shot in Dawn at Daybreak.\u201d <em>The Dawson News<\/em>, Oct. 23, 1917, 3.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWoman Dancer Shot as Spy.\u201d <em>The Washington Herald<\/em>, Oct. 16, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWoman Executed as Spy Famous Beauty.\u201d <em>The Dawson News<\/em>, Oct. 30, 1917, 8.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWoman Spy Executed.\u201d <em>The Evening Times Republican<\/em>, Oct. 15, 1917, 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cZimmermann Telegram as Received, by the German Ambassador to Mexico.\u201d Jan. 16, 1917. General Records of the Department of State, Record Group 59. National Archives. Available at https:\/\/www.docsteach.org\/documents\/document\/zimmermann-telegram-as-received (accessed February 20, 2024).<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><strong>Secondary Sources:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Au, Wayne ed., <em>Rethinking Multicultural Education: Teaching for Racial and Cultural Justice<\/em>. Milwaukee: Rethinking Schools, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Beardsley, Edward H. \u201cAllied Against Sin: American and British Responses to Venereal Disease in World War I,\u201d <em>Medical History<\/em> 20, no. 2 April 1976: 189-202. DOI: 10.1017\/S0025727300022249.<\/p>\n<p>Boggs, Carl. \u201cFrom Manifest Destiny to Empire.\u201d In <em>Phantom Democracy: Corporate Interests and Political Power in America<\/em>. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.<\/p>\n<p>Bruntz, George G. <em>Allied Propaganda and the Collapse of the German Empire in 1918<\/em>. Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press, 1938.<\/p>\n<p>Bush, Erin N. \u201c\u2018Attracted by the Khaki\u2019: War Camps and Wayward Girls in Virginia, 1918-1920,\u201d <em>Current Research in Digital History<\/em>, 1 (August 27, 2018), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31835\/crdh.2018.07.<\/p>\n<p>Capozzola, Christopher. <em>Uncle Sam Wants You: World War I and the Making of the Modern American Citizen<\/em>. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.<\/p>\n<p>Carmagnani, Paola. \u201cMata Hari: An Icon of Modernity.\u201d In P<em>lots and Plotters: Double Agents and Villains in Spy Fictions<\/em>, edited by Carmen Concilio, 33-53. Milan: Mimesis International, 2015.<\/p>\n<p>Carter, Ilise S. <em>The Red Menace: How Lipstick Changed the Face of American History<\/em>. Guilford, CT: Prometheus Books, 2021.<\/p>\n<p>Codreanu, Florina \u201cThe Dance of Death from Salome to Mata Hari.\u201d In <em>Death Within the Text: Social, Philosophical and Aesthetic Approaches to Literature<\/em>, edited by Adriana Teodorescu, 224-243. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2019.<\/p>\n<p>Coelho, Paulo. <em>The Spy: A Novel of Mata Hari<\/em>. New York: Vintage Books, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Collins, Russ F. <em>World War I: Primary Documents on Events From 1914 to 1919<\/em>. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Colwell, Stacie \u201cThe End of the Road: Gender, the Dissemination of Knowledge, and the American Campaign Against Venereal Disease during World War I,\u201d <em>Camera Obscura<\/em> 10, no. 2 (May 1992): 91-129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1215\/02705346-10-2_29-91.<\/p>\n<p>Conelly, Mark Thomas. <em>The Response to Prostitution in the Progressive Era<\/em>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2018.<\/p>\n<p>Coulson, Thomas. <em>Mata Hari: Courtesan and Spy<\/em>. New York: Harper and Brothers Publishing, 1930.<\/p>\n<p>Craig, Mary. <em>A Tangled Web: Dancer, Courtesan, Dancer, Spy<\/em>. Cheltenham: The History Press, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Dox, Donnalee. \u201cDancing Around Orientalism.\u201d <em>The Drama Review<\/em> 50, no. 4 (Dec. 2006): 52-71. https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/211295\/figure\/fig02.<\/p>\n<p>Falconer, Martha P. \u201cThe Segregation of Delinquent Women and Girls as a War Problem,\u201d <em>The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science<\/em> 79, no. 1 (1918): 161-166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000271621807900117.<\/p>\n<p>Farber, Steven A. \u201cU.S. Scientists\u2019 Roles in the Eugenics Movement (1907-1939): A Contemporary Biologist\u2019s Perspective.\u201d <em>Zebrafish<\/em> 5, no. 4 (Dec. 2008): 243-245. DOI: 10.1089\/zeb.2008.0576.<\/p>\n<p>Franklin, John Hope. \u201c\u2018Birth of a Nation\u2019: Propaganda as History.\u201d <em>The Massachusetts Review<\/em> 20, no. 3 (1979): 417\u2013 434. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/25088973.<\/p>\n<p>Frost-Knappman, Elizabeth, and Kathryn Cullen-DuPont. <em>Women\u2019s Suffrage in America<\/em>. New York: Facts on File, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Garcia Conesa, Isabel Maria, and Antonio Daniel Juan Rubio. \u201cAmerican Women and Leisure in the 1920s.\u201d <em>Revista de Estudios de las Mujere<\/em>s 1, (2013): 153-166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25115\/raudem.v1i0.571.<\/p>\n<p>Gavin, Lettie. <em>American Women in World War I: They Also Served<\/em>. Denver: University Press of Colorado, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Gil, Isabel Capeloa. \u201cShooting Stars.\u201d In <em>Conflito e Trauma: XVI Colo\u0301quio de Outono<\/em>, edited by Ana Gabriela Macedo, Carlos Alberto Mendes Sousa, and Vitor Moura. Ribeira\u0303o, V.N. Famalic\u0327a\u0303o: Edi\u00e7\u00f5es H\u00famus, 2015.<\/p>\n<p>Glass, Bentley. \u201cGeneticists Embattled: Their Stand Against Rampant Eugenics and Racism in America During the 1920s and 1930s.\u201d <em>Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society<\/em> 130, no.1 (Mar. 1986): 130-154. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/987094.<\/p>\n<p>Gordon, Linda. <em>The Second Coming of the KKK: The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s and the American Political Tradition<\/em>. New York: Liveright Publishing, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Gouda, Frances, and Thijs Brocades Zaalberg, <em>American Visions of the Netherlands East Indies\/Indonesia: US Foreign Policy and Indonesian Nationalism, 1920- 1949<\/em>. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Gourley, Catherine. <em>Flappers and the New American Woman: Perceptions of Women from 1918 Through the 1920s.<\/em> Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books, 2008.<\/p>\n<p>Harcourt, Felix.<em> Ku Klux Kulture: America and the Klan in the 1920s<\/em>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Haynes, Emily Elizabeth. \u201cGendering Patriotism: Wartime Culture and Propaganda in WWI.\u201d Essay, University of Dayton, 2018. https:\/\/ecommons.udayton.edu\/wgs_essay\/12.<\/p>\n<p>Hersh, Samuel J. \u201cManhood and War Making: The Literary Response to the Radicalization of Masculinity for the Purposes of WWI Propaganda.\u201d Thesis, Kent State University Honors College, May 2018. http:\/\/rave.ohiolink.edu\/etdc\/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1493915080610264.<\/p>\n<p>Hill, Jeff. <em>Women\u2019s Suffrage: Defining Moments<\/em>. Detroit: Omnigraphics, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Howe, Russell Warren. <em>Mata Hari: The True Story<\/em>. New York: Dodd, Mead &amp; Company, 1986.<\/p>\n<p>Hudson, Geoffrey Stephen. \u201cThe Evolution of American Foreign Policy in Southeast Asia.\u201d Thesis, Oberlin College Honors Papers, 1990, 578. https:\/\/digitalcommons.oberlin.edu\/honors\/578\/.<\/p>\n<p>Huebsch, Edward. <em>The Last Summer of Mata Hari<\/em>. New York: Crown Publishers, 1979.<\/p>\n<p>Jackson, Kenneth T. <em>The Ku Klux Klan in the City, 1915-1930<\/em>. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1992.<\/p>\n<p>Jensen, Kimberly. \u201cWhether We Vote or Not- We Are Going to Shoot: Women and Armed Defense on the Home Front.\u201d In <em>100 Years of Women\u2019s Suffrage: A University of Illinois Press Anthology<\/em>, edited by Dawn Durante. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2019.<\/p>\n<p>Keay, Julia. <em>The Spy Who Never Was: The Life and Loves of Mata Hari<\/em>. Oxford: Clio Press, 1989.<\/p>\n<p>Knutson, Anne Classen. <em>Breasts, Brawn and Selling a War: American World War I Propaganda Posters, 1917-1918<\/em>. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1997.<\/p>\n<p>Kolb, Alexandra. \u201cMata Hari\u2019s Dance in the Context of Femininity and Exoticism.\u201d <em>Mandr\u00e1gora: Revista do Grupo de Estudos de G\u00eanero e Religi\u00e3o Mandr\u00e1gora<\/em> 15, (2009): 58-67. DOI: 10.15603\/2176-0985\/mandragora.v15n15p58-67.<\/p>\n<p>Lagerwey, Mary D. \u201cNursing, Social Contexts, and Ideologies in the Early United States Birth Control Movement.\u201d <em>Nursing Inquiry<\/em> 6, no. 4 (Dec. 1999): 223-276. DOI: 10.1046\/j.1440-1800.1999.00037.x.<\/p>\n<p>Latham, Angela J. <em>Posing a Threat: Flappers, Chorus Girls, and Other Brazen Performers of the American 1920s<\/em>. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2000.<\/p>\n<p>Latham, Angela J. \u201cThe Right to Bare: Containing and Encoding American Women in Popular Entertainments of the 1920s.\u201d <em>Theatre Journal<\/em> 49, no. 4 (Dec. 1997): 455-473. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/3208392.<\/p>\n<p>Lumsden, Linda J. <em>Rampant Women: Suffragists and the Right of Assembly<\/em>. Knoxville: The University of Kentucky Press, 1997.<\/p>\n<p>Maclean, Nancy. <em>Behind the Mask of Chivalry: The Making of the Second Ku Klux Klan<\/em>. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.<\/p>\n<p>Manz, Stefan, and Mark E. Benbow. \u201cCounter-Propaganda and Spy Fever: Germans in Washington, DC, During World War I.\u201d <em>Journal of American Ethnic History<\/em> (Oct. 2020): 40-69. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5406\/jamerethnhist.40.1.0040.<\/p>\n<p>McEwan, Paul. <em>The Birth of a Nation<\/em>. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2018.<\/p>\n<p>McKenzie, Linda P. \u201cThe Pledge of Allegiance: One Nation Under God.\u201d <em>Arizona Law Review<\/em> 46, no. 2 (2004): 379- 414. https:\/\/arizonalawreview.org\/pdf\/46-2\/46arizlrev379.pdf.<\/p>\n<p>McVeigh, Rory. \u201cStructural Incentives for Conservative Mobilization: Power Devaluation and the Rise of the Ku Klux Klan, 1915\u20131925,\u201d <em>Social Forces<\/em> 77, no. 4 (June 1999): 1461\u20131496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/3005883.<\/p>\n<p>Merk, Frederick. <em>Manifest Destiny and Mission in American History<\/em>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995.<\/p>\n<p>Moran, Michelle. <em>Mata Hari: Dancer, Lover, Spy<\/em>. London: Quercus Editions, 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Murphy, Yannick. <em>Signed, Mata Hari<\/em>. Boston: Little, Brown &amp; Company, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Naeem, Aiman, and Mehran Ali. \u201cMata Hari as a New Woman in Paul Coelho\u2019s Novel The Spy: Magnifying Hari\u2019s Subjugation Through a Feminist Lens,\u201d <em>International Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Translation Studies<\/em> 3, no. 1 (June 2023): 1-13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37605\/ijllts.v3i1.21.<\/p>\n<p>Nayak, Meghana V., and Christopher Malone, \u201cAmerican Orientalism and American Exceptionalism: A Critical Rethinking of US Hegemony,\u201d <em>International Studies Review<\/em> 11, no. 2 (June 2009): 253-276. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/40389061.<\/p>\n<p>Neuhaus, Jessamyn. \u201cThe Importance of Being Orgasmic: Sexuality, Gender, and Martial Sex Manuals in the United States, 1920-1946.\u201d <em>Journal of the History of Sexuality<\/em> 9, no.4 (Oct. 2002): 447- 473. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/3704912.<\/p>\n<p>Ngai, Mae M. \u201cAmerican Orientalism.\u201d Review of New York before Chinatown: Orientalism and the Shaping of American Culture, 1776-1882, by John Kuo Wei Tchen. <em>Reviews in American History<\/em> 28, no. 3 (Sept. 2000): 408-415. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/30031178.<\/p>\n<p>Ostrovsky, Erika. <em>Eye of Dawn: The Rise and Fall of Mata Hari<\/em>. New York: MacMillan, 1978.<\/p>\n<p>Pegram, Thomas R. <em>One Hundred Percent American: The Rebirth and Decline of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s<\/em>. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2011.<\/p>\n<p>Pfaff, William. <em>The Irony of Manifest Destiny: The Tragedy of America\u2019s Foreign Policy<\/em>. New York: Walker Publishing Company, 2010.<\/p>\n<p>Proctor, Tammy M. <em>Female Intelligence: Women and Espionage in the First World War<\/em>. New York: New York University Press, 2003.<\/p>\n<p>Rabinovitch-Fox, Einav. \u201cNew Women in Early 20th- Century America.\u201d <em>Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History<\/em> (Aug. 2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acrefore\/9780199329175.013.427.<\/p>\n<p>Ray, Romita. \u201cOrientalizing the Bayad\u00e8re\/ Fabricating Mata Hari.\u201d <em>Photographies<\/em> 5, no. 1 (Mar. 2012): 87-111. DOI: 10.1080\/17540763.2011.645249.<\/p>\n<p>Reilly, Kimberly A. \u201c\u2018A Perilous Venture for Democracy\u2019: Soldiers, Sexual Purity, and American Citizenship in the First World War.\u201d <em>The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era<\/em> 13, no. 2 (Apr. 2014): 223- 255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1537781414000085.<\/p>\n<p>Roth, Ginny A., and Elizabeth Fee, \u201cA Soldier\u2019s Hero: Edith Cavell (1865-1915).\u201d <em>American Journal of Public Health<\/em> 100, no. 10 (Oct. 2010): 1865-1866. DOI: 10.2105\/AJPH.2009.188599.<\/p>\n<p>Sagert, Kelly Boyer. <em>Flappers: A Guide to an American Subculture<\/em>. Santa Barbara: Greenwood Press, 2010.<\/p>\n<p>Said, Edward. <em>Orientalism<\/em>. New York: Random House, 1979.<\/p>\n<p>Samuels, Diane. <em>The True Life Fiction of Mata Hari<\/em>. London: Nick Herns Books, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Sardar, Ziauddin. <em>Orientalism<\/em>. Philadelphia: Open University Press, 1999.<\/p>\n<p>Sargeant, Amy. \u201cThe Return of Mata Hari: A Woman Redeemed (Sinclair Hill, 1927).\u201d <em>Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television<\/em> 30, no. 1 (March 2010): 37-54. DOI: 10.1080\/01439680903577250.<\/p>\n<p>Schaefer, Richard T. \u201cKu Klux Klan: Continuity and Change.\u201d <em>Phylon<\/em> 32, no. 2 (1971): 143- 157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/273999.<\/p>\n<p>Scott, James Brown. \u201cPresident Harding\u2019s Foreign Policy,\u201d<em> The American Journal of International Law<\/em> 31, no. 3 (July 1921): 409-411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2188000.<\/p>\n<p>Shank, Theodore. \u201cNightfire\u2019s Femme Fatale: The Invention of Personality.\u201d<em> The Drama Review<\/em> 25, no. 3 (Autumn 1993): 84-87. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1145364.<\/p>\n<p>Sherman, Dan. <em>The Man Who Loved Mata Hari<\/em>. New York: Donald I. Fine, 1985.<\/p>\n<p>Shipman, Pam. <em>Femme Fatale: Love, Lies, and the Unknown Life of Mata Hari<\/em>. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Skinner, Richard. <em>The Red Dancer: The Life and Times of Mata Hari: A Novel<\/em>. New York: Ecco, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Smith, Kirsten. \u201c\u2019Keep Mum, She\u2019s Definitely not Dumb\u2019: The Complex and Cunning Femme Fatale in Espionage Fiction and History.\u201d In <em>Perceiving Evil: Evil Women and the Feminine<\/em>, edited by David Farnell, Rute Noiva, and Kristen Smith, 129-138. Boston: Brill, 2015.<\/p>\n<p>Smith, Kirsten. \u201cSeduction and Sex: The Changing Allure of the Femme Fatale in Fact and Fiction.\u201d In <em>Revisiting Female Evil: Power, Purity, and Desire<\/em>, edited by Melissa Deary, Susana Nicolas, and Roger Davis, 37-52. Boston: Brill, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Stephanson, Anders. <em>Manifest Destiny: American Expansion and the Empire of Right<\/em>. New York: Hill and Wang, 1995.<\/p>\n<p>Sylado, Remy. <em>My Name is Mata Hari<\/em>. Translated, Reviewed, and Edited by Dewi Anggraeni. San Mateo, CA: Dalang Publishing, 2012.<\/p>\n<p>Tjepkema, Elske. \u201cThe Image of Mata Hari Remains: The Representation of Mata Hari in Various Media in the Netherlands in Relation to Her Regional and National Characterization,\u201d MA thesis, Radboud University, Aug. 2016. http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/123456789\/3660.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3th, Zs\u00f3fia Anna. \u201cGreta Garbo, Her Transgressions and Unconventional Ways on and off Screen.\u201d <em>Brno Studies in English<\/em> 34, no. 1 (2008): 105- 124. https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/11222.digilib\/104255.<\/p>\n<p>Waagenaar, Sam. <em>Mata Hari: A Biography<\/em>. New York: Appleton- Century, 1965.<\/p>\n<p>Warner, Deborah J. <em>Perfect in Her Place: Women at Work in Industrial America<\/em>. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1981, 1-26. https:\/\/files.eric.ed.gov\/fulltext\/ED260963.pdf.<\/p>\n<p>Wienen, Mark Van. \u201cWomen\u2019s Ways in the War: The Poetry and Politics of the Woman&#8217;s Peace Party, 1916-1917.\u201d <em>Modern Fiction Studies<\/em> 38, no. 3 (Autumn 1992): 687-714. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/26283495.<\/p>\n<p>Welter, Barbara. \u201cThe Cult of True Womanhood.\u201d <em>The American Quarterly<\/em> 18, no. 2 (Summer 1966): 154-174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2711179.<\/p>\n<p>Wertenbaker, Lael Tucker. <em>The Eye of the Lion: A Novel Based on the Life of Mata Hari<\/em>. Boston: Little, Brown &amp; Company, 1964.<\/p>\n<p>West, Elizabeth Cassidy. \u201cWeaving Their White Magic: Avenues of Feminine Patriotism in World War I South Carolina\u201d MA thesis, University of South Carolina, 2002. https:\/\/scholarcommons.sc.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1040&amp;context=lib_facpub.<\/p>\n<p>Wheelwright, Julie. \u201cPoisoned Honey: The Myth of Women in Espionage.\u201d <em>Queen\u2019s Quarterly<\/em> 100, no. 2 (2019): 3-17. https:\/\/openaccess.city.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/23204\/.<\/p>\n<p>Wheelwright, Julie. <em>The Fatal Lover: Mata Hari and the Myth of Female in Espionage<\/em>. London: Collins &amp; Brown, 1992.<\/p>\n<p>Wheelwright, Julie. \u201cThe Language of Espionage: Mata Hari and the Creation of the Spy-Courtesan.\u201d In <em>Languages and the First World War: Representation and Memory<\/em>, edited by Christophe Declercq and Julian Walker, 164-177. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Wheelwright, Julie and Ummels, Adri\u00ebnne. \u201cMarketing Coup or Paradigm Shift? Reflections of the Dutch Media Interpretations of the 2017 \u2018Mata Hari: de Mythe en het Meisje?\u2019\u201d <em>Journalism<\/em> 24, no. 10 (July 2022): 2252-2269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14648849221100921.<\/p>\n<p>White, Rosie, \u201cEnglishness and Espionage: Edith Cavell as the Good Spy.\u201d In <em>Heroines and Heroes: Symbolism, Embodiment, Narratives and Identity<\/em>, edited by Christopher Hart. Kingswinford, England: Midrash Publications, 2008.<\/p>\n<p>White, Rosie. \u201c\u2018You\u2019ll be the Death of Me\u2019: Mata Hari and the Myth of the Femme Fatale.\u201d In <em>The Femme Fatale: Images, Histories, Contexts<\/em>, edited by Helen Hanson and Catherine O\u2019 Rawe, 72-85. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.<\/p>\n<p>Wilcox, Clifford. \u201cWorld War I and the Attack on Professors of German at the University of German at the University of Michigan.\u201d <em>History of Education Quarterly<\/em> 33, no. 1 (Spring 1993): 59-84. DOI: 10.2307\/368520.<\/p>\n<p>Williams, Michael. \u201cIdols and Idolatry: Greta Garbo and Romon Navarro in Mata Hari (1931).\u201d In <em>Film Stardom and the Ancient Past: Idols, Artefacts, and Epics<\/em>, 25-28. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Wilson, Joan Hoff. <em>American Business and Foreign Policy: 1920- 1933<\/em>. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1971.<\/p>\n<p>Yoshihara, Mari. <em>Embracing the East: White Women and American Orientalism<\/em>. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.<\/p>\n<p>Yu, Henry. \u201cOrientalizing the Pacific Rim: The Production of Exotic Knowledge by American Missionaries and Sociologists in the 1920s.\u201d <em>The Journal of American-East Asian Relations<\/em> 5, no. \u00be (1996): 331-359. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/23612679.<\/p>\n<p>Zeitz, Joshua. <em>Flapper a Madcap Story of Sex, Style, Celebrity, and the Women Who Made America Modern<\/em>. New York: Three Rivers Press, 2006.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Primary Sources: Ashton-Wolfe, Harry. Warped in the Making: Crimes of Love and Hate. Cambridge: Riverside Press, 1928. Barton, George. Celebrated Spies and Famous Mysteries of the Great War. Boston: The Page Company, 1919. Benda, Wladyslaw Theodore, and The American Red Cross. You Can Help. 1918. 1 print, photomechanical with silkscreen,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":80,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-546","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.csusm.edu\/kreynolds\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/546","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.csusm.edu\/kreynolds\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.csusm.edu\/kreynolds\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.csusm.edu\/kreynolds\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/80"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.csusm.edu\/kreynolds\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=546"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wp.csusm.edu\/kreynolds\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/546\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.csusm.edu\/kreynolds\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=546"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}